referat

28.12.05, 08:38
Witam wszystkich,
Potrzebuje pomocy ekspertów. Chodzi mi o wsparcie merytoryczne w napisaniu
pracy na taki temat: >>Often the phenomenon of the Raj takes the form of this
question - how were so few able to rule so many for so long? Discuss
political, economic, social and military methods Britain used to hold control
over the Indian subcontinent for almost 200 years".

Bardzo proszę o pomoc - po polsku lub po angielsku. Będę wdzięczny:) Pomóżcie
studentowi w potrzebie:)
    • masaladosa Re: referat 29.12.05, 20:33
      well i'm definitely not an expert but i can give you some facts and my
      impressions based on some observations and numerous discussions on this subject
      i had with people in india and whatever i read about it

      an important fact is that at first the british ruled large parts of india not
      by means of direct military or administrative power of the empire but by using
      economic influence of the east india company which began its trade with mughal
      emperors in early XVII century-the trade and rule that followed lasted up to
      the dissolution of the company in 1858 after the sepoy mutiny when the
      administration began to be the responsibility of the crown-in the meantime east
      india company almost completely drove out the portuguese and reduced french
      influences at the same time subduing local rulers such as the nawab of bengal
      by winning several crucial battles i.e. battle of plassey in 1757
      the company used privileges granted to it by mughal emperors and was enforcing
      them upon local rulers either by military power or by simple 'divide et impera'
      policy winning local animosities between something around 2000 small kingdoms
      and princedoms-they simply either threatened or corrupted the nawabs thus
      establishing their control over taxes and customs-the doctrine of lapse was
      also introduced by lord dalhousie which allowed for annexation of the territory
      if the ruler had no male heirs at death
      indian society at the time of the raj introduction and development had a
      typical feudal social structure established by the aryans and based on the
      hindu socio-religious order with the majority comprising of peasants and low-
      caste menial workers living under total submission to the middle and high-caste
      warriors priests and aristocracy-who were in turn gradually accepting british
      control
      there is virtually no room for any resistance in such a social system just as
      there was very little or no resistance at all among medieval peasants in europe
      additional factor being the largely peaceful mentality of indian people which
      sources can be traced down to the philosophy of the vedas introducing the
      concept of karma which makes one accept unconditionally her/his position in the
      socioeconomic hierarchy which is based on the religiously justified caste-
      system and renouncing the use of force
      that's why the british knew that their rule was safe unless they started to
      interfere with indian customs and tradition which they rarely did and they
      reduced their missionary efforts to some remote regions of the subcontinent
      contrary to the portuguese who tried to proselytize locals in goa (and largely
      succeeded) even by means of force the british realised that such a policy could
      never work well on the whole country scale and could cause serious resistance
      among the people possibly even resulting in armed uprising so they concentrated
      on economical exploitation instead

      that's only the simplified outline of the problem and i am sure you can dig to
      find much more about it

      mdosa
      • ototik Re: referat 30.12.05, 10:42
        dziekuje bardzo:) albo raczej - thank you very very very much:)


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