kkkaczory_piss_brothers
01.08.03, 08:15
PRZEDZIAL PROCENTOWY HOMOSEKSUALISTOW W SPOLECZENSTWIE JEST
STALY I WYNOSI OD 5 DO 10% .
Nie wszyscy homoseksualisci maja wybor, niektorzy sa biologicznie
zdeterminowani i nie maja/mieli zadnego wplywu na wybor seksualnosci
(dla wierzacych – BOG WYBRAL ZA NICH).
Nie wszyscy ulegaja chwilowej modzie, niektorzy nie maja wyboru.
Homoseksualizm nie jest domena naszego gatunku, jest on również spotykany u
innych zwierzat.
WYNIKI BADAŃ NAD DETERMINIZMEM SEKSUALIZMU
> Genetic research using family and twin methodologies has
> produced consistent evidence that genes influence sexual
> orientation, but molecular research has not yet produced
> compelling evidence for specific genes.
Fragment ten ( nie bedacy pustym wycinkeim reszty atykulu,ale stanowiacy
jego
integralna czesc - oddajaca jak najbardziej 'ducha' tekstu - czego dowodem
zamieszczony ponizej artykul ) dowodzi, ze badania ostatniej dekady
pozwolily wypracowac juz
zarysy neurohormonalnej teorii dotyczacej orientacji seksualnej; jej
ugruntowana juz czesc (dowiedziona) stanowia wlasnie odkrycia podloza
genetycznego odpowiedzialnego za orientacje seksualna - doslownie:'.. that
gens influence sexual orientation'.
Jedynym problemem jest wytypowanie poszczegolnych genow odpowiedzialnych za
taki stan rzeczy:
> but molecular research has not yet produced
> compelling evidence for specific genes.
- ale wszyscy wiemy, ze to pozostaje bez wplywu na udokumentowana juz czesc
teorii determinizmu seksualnosci - a stanowi zadanie dla dalszych badan
molekularnych.
Należy również pamietac, iż geny determinuja ilosc, jakosc, funkcjonalnosc
wszystkich substancji/czesci/organow naszego organizmu (w przypadku tej
teorii jest to istotne ze względu na zagadnienie powstawania / produkcji
HORMONOW).
Należy dodac, iż na zarodek maja wplyw również chormony produkowane przez
matke, wiec jej material genetyczny (także substancje chormonalne
przyjmowane z zewnatrz – nie produkowane bezposrednio, ani przez matke, ani
przez plod).
Jednakze, nie ma przekonujacych doniesien naukowych, iz chormony podawane
doroslym o uksztaltowanym mozgu(nalezy zauwazyc roznice pomiedzy
nieuksztaltowanym mozgiem zarodka/plodu, a uksztaltowanym mozgiem czlowieka)
zmieniaja ich zapatrywania seksualne (badania na zwierzetach potwierdzaja
taka korelacje).
Ten przeglądowy artykuł najlepiej dowodzi faktu wplywu genow na determinacje
seksualnosci:
A critical review of recent biological research on human sexual
orientation.
Mustanski BS, Chivers ML, Bailey JM.
Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405,
USA. bmustans@indiana.edu
This article provides a comprehensive review and critique of
biological research on sexual orientation published over the
last decade. We cover research investigating (a) the
neurohormonal theory of sexual orientation
(psychoneuroendocrinology, prenatal stress, cerebral asymmetry,
neuroanatomy, otoacoustic emissions, anthropometrics), (b)
genetic influences, (c) fraternal birth-order effects, and (d) a
putative role for developmental instability. Despite
inconsistent results across both studies and traits, some
support for the neurohormonal theory is garnered, but mostly in
men. Genetic research using family and twin methodologies has
produced consistent evidence that genes influence sexual
orientation, but molecular research has not yet produced
compelling evidence for specific genes. Although it has been
well established that older brothers increase the odds of
homosexuality in men, the route by which this occurs has not
been resolved. We conclude with an examination of the
limitations of biological research on sexual orientation,
including measurement issues (paper and pencil, cognitive, and
psychophysiological), and lack of research on women.
Warto zwrocic uwage rowniez na te dwa ponizej przedstawione streszczenia
artykulow:
The Etiology of Anomalous Sexual Preferences in Men
VERNON L. QUINSEY
Psychology Department, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6,
Canada
Address for correspondence: Vernon L. Quinsey, Ph.D., Professor of
Psychology
and Psychiatry, Psychology Department, Queen's University, Kingston,
Ontario,
K7L 3N6. Voice: 613-533-6538; fax: 613-533-2499.
quinsey@psyc.queensu.ca
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 989: 105-117 (2003).
People discover rather than choose their sexual interests. The process of
discovery typically begins before the onset of puberty and is associated
with
an increase in the secretion of sex hormones from the adrenal glands.
However,
the determinants of the direction of sexual interest, in the sense of
preferences for the same or opposite sex, are earlier. These preferences,
although not manifest until much later in development, appear to be caused
by
the neural organizational effects of intrauterine hormonal events.
Variations
in these hormonal events likely have several causes and two of these appear
to
have been identified for males. One cause is genetic and the other involves
the sensitization of the maternal immune system to some aspect of the male
fetus. It is presently unclear how these two causes relate to each other.
The
most important question for future research is whether preferences for
particular-aged partners and parts of the male courtship sequence share
causes
similar to those of erotic gender orientation.
REGULAR ARTICLES
Neurobiology and sexual orientation: current relationships
RC Friedman and J Downey
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University of Physicians and Surgeons,
New
York, NY.
Despite great progress in the neurosciences, our understanding of the
determinants of sexual orientation is incomplete. The authors review for the
clinician/neuropsychiatrist studies pertaining to the formation of sexual
orientation in the following areas: hormone effects on sexual behavior
(animal
and human); the complicated relationship between gender identity, gender
role,
and sexual orientation in humans; cross- cultural studies of homosexuality;
behavioral observations in pseudohermaphrodites and offspring of mothers
treated with hormones during pregnancy; brain studies of homosexual and
heterosexual individuals; and genetic studies. The authors conclude that
human
sexual orientation is complex and diversely experienced and that a
biopsychosocial model best fits the current state of knowledge in the field.
