bush_w_wodzie
01.09.06, 18:19
czy racje ma cezary michalski z dziennika kiedy mowi guardianowi ze kaczynscy
chca w polsce stworzyc nieliberalna democracje?
>>
Cezary Michalski, deputy editor of the centre-right Dziennik daily, which
supports the twins, says: "Their project is definitely an indictment of the
past 17 years [of Polish democracy and independence]. We're experiencing a
radicalisation of government."
We can imagine Poland becoming an illiberal democracy," said Mr Michalski of
the Dziennik daily. "The Kaczynskis are attempting to create their own model
of modernisation, an alternative Polish model."
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jesli tak - to czy na pewno tego chcemy?
>" target="_blank">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illiberal_democracy>>
Though it is commonly assumed that democracies will protect individual
liberty, that is not a necessary condition of being a democracy. By basic
definition, a democracy is simply a state in which there are free, fair, and
competitive elections. There is no necessity that those elected will respect
or protect civil liberties. A democracy that does have such protections is
called a liberal democracy.
Illiberal democracies are found primarily outside of the West, in newly
democratizing countries that do not have a history of pluralism. Without such
a tradition of different ideas co-existing peacefully, the ruling party or
leader after winning multi-party elections that are mostly free and fair
behaves in a manner that is very restrictive of individual liberty. This is
often because the constitution simply does not specify protections for
individual rights. In contrast, a liberal democracy often has a constitution
that specifies protections for individual liberty and specifies a separation
of powers so that absolute authorty does not rest in any one individual or
group of individuals
There is a spectrum of illiberal democracies: from those who are nearly
liberal democracies to those that are almost dictatorships. Examples can be
found across Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East.
The mid-to-late 1990s was a period marked by a growing emergence of illiberal
democracies.
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polecam zwlaszcza to:
>>
An illiberal democracy is marked by the tension between how a government is
selected and how that government behaves. Illiberal democratic governments
believe they have a mandate to act in any way they see fit, disregarding laws
or the constitution if they desire, as long as they hold regular elections.
They often centralize powers both between branches of the national government
(having no separation of powers) and between different levels of government
and private associations. The former is more noticeable, the latter more common.
Another characteristic is that the lack of rights such as freedom of speech
and freedom of assembly make opposition to the rulers extremely difficult.
Television and radio is often controlled by the state and strongly support the
regime. Non-governmental organisations may face onerous regulations or simply
be prohibited. The regime may use red tape, economic pressure, or even
violence against critics.
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hmmmm - czy obserwujemy juz wyrazne symptomy?
>>
Some suggest a method of determing whether a regime in an illiberal democracy
is by noting that "it has regular, free, fair, and competitive elections to
fill the principle positions of power in the country, but it does not qualify
as Free in Freedom House's annual ratings of civil liberties and political
rights."[1]
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to jak - czy zmierzamy do fasadowej demokracji ivrp czy udoskonalamy liberalna
demokracje iiirp?
