historia Częstochowy - książki

[Gość: Tomq]

Szukam jakiejś dobrej książki poświęconej XIX- i XX-wiecznej Częstochowie. Chodzi w gruncie rzeczy o wszystko, ale najbardziej interesuje mnie topografia miasta i II wojna swiatowa z uwzglednieniem losow getta.

Jakis pomysl?

[Gość: tomek]

Dobra jest książka "Z dziejów najnowszych Częstochowy" autorstwa Ryszarda Szweda i Waldemara Palusa.

[Gość: Tomq]

Fajnie.

Ale czy można to dostać gdzieś poza biblioteką WSP?

[Gość: tomek]

Wiem, że prawie napewno kupisz ją w Antykwariacie na Kopernika. W bibliotece nie wiem, ale chyba tak, bo to wydawnictwo WSP.

[Gość: Tomq]

Okej, dzięki za info :>

[Gość: Waldek]

The Jewish Community of Czestochowa

The history of the Jewish community in Czestochowa began around the year 1700
with only a few Jewish families who were occupied in the weaver's trade. In the
year 1765, their number grew to 51 families and in 1799, the Jewish community
established a cemetery near Kucolin. Until this time, funerals took place in
nearby Janow. The cemetery was in existence until 1907 when it was rebuilt and
fenced. Thus it remained until the German occupation during WWII. During the
occupation, the Germans carried out executions of Jews at the cemetery, burying
their victims in mass graves. Following 1945, Jews who had returned used the
cemetery until about 1970. The last official funeral was on May 3, 1970, at the
death of Albert David, of blessed memory. However, until 1973, a few, quiet and
secret burials took place at the site. But, little by little, the cemetery
grounds were neglected and succumbed to natural deterioration. Nettle, bushes
and trees grew in the passageways and on the graves. The cemetery was ruined by
rain, wind and storm - and people. The tombstones of marble and granite
disappeared. In recent years, families from the world over come to visit the
graves of their relatives. Hassidic Jews visit the grave of their Zaddik, Rabbi
Ichak Mayer Justman.

In 1765, the Jews in Czestochowa began to build their first synagogue on
Nadrzecznej Street. In 1872, at a cost of 25,000 zloty, the synagogue was
enlarged. It survived until the last war, only to be completely destroyed by
the Germans. Another larger and more impressive synagogue was first built in
1899. It was considered one of the grandest synagogues in Poland at the time,
and was completed only in 1909, with the help of a few families of Czestochowa.
In 1939, the Germans robbed it of all its precious riches and valuables and the
following year it was burned down.

The Jewish children did not have a public school until 1805. But in 1806 they
received their own school in the Jewish (Yiddish) language. Elementary and
professional Jewish schooling was available only from the end of the 19th
century. There were an elementary girls' school on Mirowska Street and one for
the boys on Garibaldi Street. Near the synagogue was a special school of music
and Jewish songs for future offices of cantor and choir positions at the
synagogue. On Nadrzecznej Street was a Talmud Torah school, with an enrollment
of 100 pupils in 1893. The Talmud Torah had a few professional vocational
classes and in 1898 became a trade school for locksmiths. Besides this
professional school, thousands of pupils received their education through
private Jewish schools. The tendency to teach the Polish language spread in
other schools as well. In 1905, out of 10000 Jewish inhabitants, 4000 were
students.

The Jewish community of Czestochowa took part in social and political
activities in the city. Their participation against the Russian rule was
considerable. For example, Daniel Neufeld, director of the Jewish gymnasium,
was leader of the manifest protesting the assault of the Czar's soldiers on the
Old City - where Jews as well as Poles were wounded and killed. About a year
later, in October 1863, he was arrested and sent to Siberia. The Jews of
Czestochowa were prominent in social life3, medicine, the press, libraries etc.
For example, Henryk Merkusfeld was a typical philanthropist; Jan Glikson was
called the "brain" of the Jews; and Edward Kohn was a doctor at the beginning
of the 20th century famous as "the heart of Jewish society", helping the poor
and loved by the non-Jewish inhabitants of Czestochowa as well.

On the break of the 19th-20th century, the Jews of Czestochowa were the first
owners of the printing press and propagated the printing trade very well on a
big scale. From the year 17887, there was a printing press of Samuel Kohn and
the printing of Wilhelm Kohen was distinguished for 40 years until the press
was liquidated following the Occupation. The same events ended the very well
known press of Oderfeld's brothers. The Jewish community owned their own press.
It put out the weekly Izraelik (in the years 1865-1918). In 1906 the Glos
Zydowski came out and afterwards the Hajnt. The Bund organization had its own
press.

In the year 1900, the Charity Organization was promoted and in the same year it
got more than 3000 members who each paid 3 zloty yearly membership dues, the
funds of which were dedicated for social assistance to the needy. The Charity
Organization opened two kindergartens, an old age home and an orphanage as
well. Also medical help was given and Jewish savings bank established, along
with coal distribution for the poor and so forth. Through the initiative of the
Jewish community, cultural social meetings were held, not only for the Jewish
population. In the home of the Wolberg family, NMP Alley no 12, a garden-
theater-coffee house was established which held exhibitions, meetings and
sometimes also theater performances.

Everything changed when the Germans came to Czestochowa. A horrible time for
the Jews began. Prohibitions and humiliation made existence more than
difficult. Freedom and work possibilities were limited and at the same time,
people were sent to forced labor camps and other places under German rule,
being forced to do heavy work for the German military sources/ They fought hard
to remain alive. In 1942, transports began to take Jews by truck to "work" in
the East - but they were instead taken to the gas chambers. The Germans
selected a few hundred young and healthy Jews for daily work who were left
behind in the ghetto Czestochowa. In this closed ghetto, a Jewish resistance
organization put together a group of 300 fighters. During the action of
liquidation in January 1943, the group with their leader Mendel Fiszlewicz,
fought back and attacked the Germans - with very little ammunition and terrain
difficulties - losing 255 fighters. In this way, they found merit for
themselves in the history of Jewish Czestochowa...

The cemetery has remained the only sign of Jewish life from the Jewish
community of Czestochowa.

[Gość: Wlodek]

Na temat okupacji w Cz-wie kilka pozycji wydal niezyjacy juz dzis Jan
Pietrzykowski. Prawnik, akowiec i dokumentalista.

[redakcja_czestochowa]

Najcenniejszą i najważniejszą ksiązką na temat Częstochowy w latach II wojny
światowej są wspomnienia ówczesnego burmistrza Rybickiego „Pod znakiem lwa i
kruka”. Niestety, były wydane w latach 70. i od tej pory chyba nie wznawiane.

[Gość: Wlodek]

Musze przyznac, ze nie znam ksiazki burmistrza.
Nic nie stoi na przeszkodzie, zeby ja wznowic.
Moglaby to zrobic Gazeta i przekazac naklad do bibliotek szkolnych.
Wyglada bowiem na to, ze po zejsciu do Podziemia ostatnich swiadkow wojennych
wydarzen w Czestochowie ten kawalek historii naszego miasta i spoleczenstwa
pokryja mroki niewiedzy.
Albo -co jeszcze gorsze- krazyc beda w odpisach bzdety produkowane przez
Ploweckiego i Nazarewicza o "bohaterach" typu Waclawa Marek, gen Koniew, czy
bracia Konkiele...itp Albo tylko bedziemy wiedziec o zydowskich ofiarach wojny
w Czestochowie. O co zadbaja - i slusznie- rodziny czestochowskich Zydow.

Najlepszego
Wlodek

Lektury na koniec roku ;)

[refrakcja]

redakcja_czestochowa napisał:
> Najcenniejszą i najważniejszą ksiązką na temat Częstochowy w latach II wojny
> światowej są wspomnienia ówczesnego burmistrza Rybickiego „Pod znakiem lw
> a i kruka”. Niestety, były wydane w latach 70. i od tej pory chyba nie wznawi
> ane.

O cholercia - to chyba miałem podróbkę - bo na moim egzemplarzu Instytut
Wydawniczy PAX raczył był umieścić informację, że to wydanie drugie rozszerzone
i że Warszawa 1990 ten tego ;)))))))) Niechby już redakcja z urzędu udzielająca
porady robiła to rzetelniej ;))
A tak czując się wywołany do tablicy zapodaję jak niżej:
Stanisław Nowak, Z moich wspomnień, Wydawnictwo WSP, Cz-wa 1994.,
red.R.Szwed,J,Mizgalski,W.Palus, Częstochowa w pierwszych latach Polski
Odrodzonej, Wydawnictwo WSP 1994.,
red.W.Szwed,W.Palus, Z dziejów najnowszych Częstochowy,Wydawnictwoi WSP 1995.,
red.W.Szwed,W.Palus,Częstochowy drogi ku Niepodległości,Wydawnictwoi WSP 1998.,
R.Szwed,W Palus, Życie codzienne w Częstochowie w XIX i XX wieku, Wydawnictwo
WSP 1999.,


Życzę przyjemnej lektury

[Gość: redakcja]

Bijemy się w piersi. Było wznowienie, które przeoczyliśmy. Ale i tak mineło 14
lat, więc ksiażka jest osiagalna chyba jedynie w bibliotekach i antykwariatach.

[refrakcja]

Gość portalu: redakcja napisał(a):
> Bijemy się w piersi. Było wznowienie, które przeoczyliśmy. Ale i tak mineło
14 lat, więc ksiażka jest osiagalna chyba jedynie w bibliotekach i
antykwariatach.

Co prawda , to prawda ;)))))))))))))))
W sumie za czasów Podobińskiego, wiele pozycji pojawiło się w Wydawnictwie WSP
A może nowy dyrektor rzutem na taśmę zrobi reprint Gońca Częstochowskiego? -To
by dopiero było ;)))) Sam chętnie za friko mógłbym pomóc :))

Pozdrawiam

[Gość: wodnik]

Pozycje wydawnictwa WSP są do nabycia na stronie AJD, na przykład ta interesująca pozycja za jedyne 10 zł:

www.ajd.czest.pl/w64,Zycie-codzienne-w-Czestochowie-w-XIX-i-w-XX-wieku