wroteknowynick
25.02.06, 12:18
flash.lymenet.org/ubb/ultimatebb.php?ubb=get_topic;f=1;t=041500
950-1965 publications:
Wierzył ze krętki powodują MS i je badał
STEINER G. [Causes and treatment of multiple sclerosis.]. [German] Munchener
Medizinische Wochenschrift. 101:1321-6, 1959 Jul 31.
STEINER G. Comparison of general paresis and multiple sclerosis in regard to
the etiological agent. Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology.
13(3):492-6, 1954 Jul.
STEINER G. Morphology of Spirochaeta myelophthora in multiple sclerosis.
Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology. 13(1):221-9, 1954 Jan.
STEINER G. Acute plaques in multiple sclerosis, their pathogenetic
significance and the role of spirochetes as etiological factor. Journal of
Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology. 11(4):343-72, 1952 Oct.
STEINER G. Environmental studies in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2(3):260-2,
1952 May-Jun.
Currently received at Scott Library; check Library holdings for details.
STEINER G. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, spontaneous demyelinating
disease and multiple sclerosis. Gazeta Medica Portuguesa. 4(3):824-34, 1951.
STEINER G. Modified silver stain of microorganisms in tissues. American
Journal of Clinical Pathology. 20(5):489-90, 1950 May.
STEINER G. Multiple sclerosis. Journal - Michigan State Medical Society.
49(8):938-40, 1950 Aug.
STEINER G. [The study of multiple sclerosis in the U.S.]. [Undetermined]
Nervenarzt. 21(11):494-9, 1950 Nov.
Environmental studies in multiple sclerosis.
by Gabriel Steiner, M.D.
Neurology, Vol. 2, May-June:260-262. 1952.
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“A particular environmental extrahuman reservoir of the disease agent is
highly probable.”
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Environmental studies in multiple sclerosis have been very much neglected.
Recent mortality and morbidity statistics (1,2) show that there is a definite
geographic difference in the occurrence of this disease.
The present environmental studies are limited to the state of Michigan. Five
hundred cases were collected. ...Only cases with well established diagnoses
were accepted. ...The fact that this material of 500 cases comes from two
sources, one group examined and evaluated clinically in the Multiple Sclerosis
Center and the other group obtained from questionnaire surveys of medical
sources is of importance. The results are the same in both groups. ...
1. A difference was found in various regions of the state. ...
2. Intrafamilial cases. In places where multiple sclerosis is more common,
there are often more cases in one household. ...These figures show that in
these households females are more exposed to the outside source of the disease
than males and that in families, combinations of multiple sclerosis among
siblings are two and one-half times more common than paternal-filial
combinations. Apparently sisters and/or brothers are more exposed to the
outside source of multiple sclerosis than parents and their sons or daughters.
It seems worthwhile to note that all of the familial cases shared the same
household. In one case of two brothers and one case of two sisters the
patients shared the same beds for some time before the onset of the disease.
Of interest also is the presence of pet animals, dogs and cats, in the same
household. Relatively often, these animals were infested with fleas. As to the
occupations of the fathers, there seem to be some preferences: farming,
gardening and greenhouse work, five times; building industry (lumberman,
carpenter, contractor), five times; maintenance of estates (supervisor,
janitor), three times; and teaching, three times. In one of the familial cases
(father and daughter) the father had a work shop in the basement of his home.
3. If there is an environmental extrahuman source in our material, other
non-familial contact cases should be found also. Of special interest is the
case of a girl with multiple sclerosis of two months' duration which was
verified by necropsy. In the home of this girl there was a boarder, a female
nurse who took care of a chronic female case of multiple sclerosis in another
part of the city. The girl was very fond of cats. At the time of death of this
patient the cat was no longer available because it had to be removed from the
home and sacrificed, the reason given was that the cat was flea-ridden.
4. If there is an environmental factor, the occupations of cases may be of
interest. In 500 cases of multiple sclerosis collected up to the present, 34
teachers with multiple sclerosis were found. Twenty-five of these teachers
were born and teaching in Michigan before the onset of their disease. It is
interesting to note that the disease was found among elementary school and
kindergarten teachers 24 times and among high school teachers only seven
times. Also interesting is the high frequency of pet animals belonging to
teachers. Cases of multiple sclerosis among non-teaching personnel in schools
were found only three times...
There are some of the statistical facts. What are the conclusions?
1. There is no man to man transfer. There is no transovarian passage.
2. A particular environmental extrahuman reservoir of the disease agent is
highly probable.
3. This extrahuman reservoir and its accumulation in the environment of
certain groups is responsible for the higher incidence in household groups
(families) and among teachers, especially kindergarten and elementary school
teachers, and moreso in rural areas.
4. In the same household siblings are more exposed to the extrahuman source
than in the paternal-filial combination.
5. Dogs or cats may be suspected as reservoirs of the agent. However, the
popularity of dogs as pets in the general population renders a statistical
evaluation of this factor extremely difficult. Other investigations have been
inaugurated.
6. Insect vectors as links in the chain of transmission may be significant or
not; the chronicity of the disease and damaged memories in the later stages of
the disease make the evaluation of this factor very difficult.
Acute plaques in multiple sclerosis, their pathogenic significance and the
role of spirochaetes as etiological factor.
by Gabriel Steiner, M.D.
Journal of Neuropathology, 11:343-72. 1952.
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“In this respect the discovered spirochetes were totally different from the
treponema-type and resembled the borrelia-type of spirochetes.”
------------------------------------------------
In the chronic form [of multiple sclerosis] the findings at the time of death
represent a terminal cross section of the course of the disease; previous
inflammatory reactions may have disappeared partially or entirely. In many
other chronic inflammatory disease entities of the central nervous system and
other organs of the human body, acute phases and chronic forms of the same
disease entity are of common occurrence.
It is the purpose of this paper to contribute some observations to the study
of subacute cases of multiple sclerosis, to discuss some of the pathogenetic
features of acute plaques in multiple sclerosis and to establish a
relationship between spirochetes and tissue reactions in multiple sclerosis.
...Acute plaques in multiple sclerosis occur, significantly, not only in
subacute cases of several months' duration but also in older cases in acute
clinical relapse. Equally and especially important is the presence of older
plaques in subacute cases, indicating morphological manifestations dating back
to clinically latent initial stages of the disease at its earliest onset. With
these findings in mind, separation of multiple sclerosis into two distinct and
different entities seems not justified.
