dialektolog
18.06.07, 18:46
Szanowni Państwo!
Oto spisy treści najnowszych numerów "Języka Polskiego".
Zapraszamy do lektury.
JĘZYK POLSKI
Organ Towarzystwa Miłośników Języka Polskiego
Rocznik LXXXVII (2007), zeszyt 1 (styczeń–luty)
Maria Malec: Kazimierz Rymut (18 XII 1935 — 14 XI 2006).........1
Aleksander Kiklewicz: Dominanta semantyczna jako czynnik rozumienia wypowiedzi
i tekstu..............3
Semantic dominant as factor of sentence and text understanding
The author considers the notion of semantic dominant as a factor of sentence
and text understanding. The inference, i.e. considering of the relevant world
knowledge in process of text interpretation, forms the base of semantic
dominant. In case of voluntary behaviors interpretation of the linguistic
expressions is based on the conventional cognitive information, while in case
of impulsive behaviors temporary interpretations, resulting from specific
circumstances of the speech act as well as individual attitudes of the
participants, are applied. Usually, semantic dominant occurs as a cognitive
macro-category, i.e. the sententious predicates of the higher order of the
type: concert, storm, press conference, wedding, which bring images of
ontological scenes, i.e. the well ordered teams of the reference situations,
in the awareness of the subjects. Absence of the semantic coherence in the
statement or text blocks exhibiting of the semantic dominant and, as a
consequence, the phenomenon occurs, which the author defines as
deinstitutionalization of lexical meanings.
Alicja Witalisz: Z problematyki badań nad zapożyczeniami semantycznymi .......16
Swietłana Trofimiec: Konstrukcje anaforyczne jako wskaźniki nawiązania w
tekstach prasowych................. 24
Anaphoric constructions as coherence indicators in journalistic texts
The article touches upon crucial problems in the field of text linguistics,
text coherence and integrity. The object of the research is represented by
text units that are defined as anaphoric expressions, namely anaphoric
constructions with demonstrative pronoun ten in Polish journalistic texts. The
author’s opinion is based on the statement that anaphoric constructions are of
particular importance among the means connecting elements of the utterance
into a single whole. The author comes to the conclusion that anaphoric
constructions with the pronoun ten differ by construction, mean of expression
and the distance from the expression in anaphoric function (appear in contact
and distant sentences) and also have a common function as they unite sentences
into coherent text. The conducted researches prove that the structures being
presented are quite active in Polish literary language, namely in journalist
style, and should be considered the elements that unite written text.
Ewa Badyda: Od Ozyrysa po Sleep Time. Współczesne tendencje w nazewnictwie
polskich zakładów pogrzebowych..............29
From Ozyrys to Sleep Time. The contemporary tendencies in naming funeral
companies in Poland
The author analyses the contemporary names of funeral companies in Poland to
discuss the language used while talking about death in present times. The
analyse concentrates on the ‘meaningful’ names and proves that there is a
distinct tendency to avoid talking about death directly. The language is
conventionalised and the way of it is referring to the ancient culture, using
the names taken from mythology, the Bible, and also using the traditional
language of the Church – Latin. Polish words used to give names to the
companies are mostly either semantically neutral (for example the names of
flowers) or related to the conventional attributes of mourning. All this makes
style of talking about death solemn. Having appeared quite recently, English
words, rarely used to name funeral companies, are an exception to it. This is
probably because the English language, expansion of which is mainly connected
with pop culture, is not burdened in Polish with the long tradition of culture
and consequently – able to carry directness. The analysed material shows that
death, euphemised in language, is still a strong taboo.
Mariusz Leńczuk: Synonimia w średniowiecznych przekładach kanonu mszy św. —
uwagi wstępne ...................37
The synonymy in medieval translations of the Roman missal canon
The article treats about the synonymy in the Old Polish language. It is the
first article in the field of Polis linguistics focused on the synonymy in the
fifteenth-century Polish language. As an example the author has presented
translations of four Latin phrases taken from the Roman missal canon:
“aestimator meriti”, “sacrificia illibata”, “fides cognita” and “memoriam
venerantes”. Polish synonyms were taken from sixteen medieval Polish
translations of the aforementioned canon which have been discovered till the
present day.
Piotr Zbróg: Podmiot szeregowy w Rozmyślaniu przemyskim...............48
The sequenced subject in “Rozmyślanie przemyskie”
The paper discusses the problem of “the sequenced subject” occurring in
„Rozmyślanie przemyskie” . The study shows the structure and syntax of the
sequenced subject and emphasizes the main rules of verbs and nouns' syntax.
The material analysed in this study allows to verify some of linguistic
opinion on the sequenced subject in the Old-Polish language
Józef Jaworski: Językowy obraz chłopa (rolnika, włościanina) w tekstach
publicystycznych końca XVIII w. ..................55
The Linguistic Image of the Peasant in Journalistic Texts at the End of the
18th Century
This article, referring to some elements of cognitive linguistics, is an
attempt to provide a reconstruction of the stereotyped image of the peasant
recorded in journalistic texts at the end of the 18th century. The
constituents which make up the stereotype of the peasant are categorized into
definite types of configurations of aspects (facets) such as social, moral,
existential and physical. In the interpretation of different notions, the
concept of the linguistic image of the world is applied.
It is pointed out that the notion of the peasant present in the studied texts
has profuse connotations. As found in the research, among the peasant’s
characteristics, there is an overall predominance of positive traits like
diligence, perseverance, patriotism, decisiveness, determination and valour in
military actions; the negative traits relating to vices like drunkenness and
conservatism. These traits, highlighted in particular configurations,
constitute a relatively complete conceptual model (gestalt) of the peasant –
considered here in the perspective of the journalistic texts from the end of
the 18th century. In the formation of the image of the peasant in the source
texts, diverse linguistic devices, mainly lexical and phraseological ones, are
employed.
Anna Piechnik: Niektóre formy adresatywne w języku mieszkańców wsi (na
przykładzie gminy Zakliczyn nad Dunajcem)........................66
A selection of honorific forms used by rural populations in Poland (on the
example of Zakliczyn by Dunajec community)
The subject of the article is honorific forms used in Zakliczyn by Dunajec
dialect (Tarnow district) when talking about people who are not present at the
moment of speaking. Among members of these communities the most commonly used
forms when speaking about a doctor or a teacher are Pan and Pani
(correspondingly a male and female form; however, Pan is not used when a male
teacher is being talked about). In spoken language these forms are usually
followed by a person's surname or profession, which is considered
inappropriate in formal language. Female affixes denoting a wife or a
daughter: -ova, -ina (-yna), -ka, aηka, -uvna, disappearing in Polish
language, can still b
